Mariánská kasárna in Budějovice (Budweis). Until 1 June 1915 it was the home of the Good Soldier Švejk's Infanterieregiment Nr. 91. In 1915 Jaroslav Hašek also served with the regiment in these barracks.
The novel The Good Soldier Švejk refers to a number of institutions and firms, public as well as private. On these pages they were until 15 September 2013 categorised as 'Places'. This only partly makes sense as this type of entity can not always be associated with fixed geographical points, in the way that for instance cities, mountains and rivers can. This new page contains military and civilian institutions (including army units, regiments etc.), organisations, hotels, public houses, newspapers and magazines.
The line between this page and "Places" is blurred, churches do for instance rarely change location, but are still included here. Therefore Prague and Vienna will still be found in the "Places" database, because these have constant coordinates. On the other hand institutions may change location: Odvodní komise and Bendlovka are not unequivocal geographical terms so they will from now on appear on this page.
The names are colour coded according to their role in the plot, illustrated by these examples: U kalicha as a location where the plot takes place, k.u.k. Kriegsministerium mentioned in the narrative, Pražské úřední listy as part of a dialogue, and Stoletá kavárna, mentioned in an anecdote.
Institutions index of institutions, taverns, military units, societies, periodicals ... (272)
Show all
I. In the rear
14. Švejk as military servant to senior lieutenant Lukáš (14)
II. At the front
1. Švejk's mishaps on the train (15)
2. Švejk's budějovická anabasis (38)
3. Švejk's happenings in Királyhida (43)
4. New afflictions (18)
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II. At the front |
 | |
4. New afflictions | |||
 | Regimentskanzlei Bruck a.d. Leitha |  | |||
| Bruck a.d. Leitha, Schloss Prugg | |||||
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Regimentskanzlei was located in Schloss Prugg.
Josef Novotný located the offices of IR. 91's replacement battalion to an old castle on Austrian soil, no doubt Schloss Prugg.
Platzkommando, Kirchengasse 27.
, 2013.
Regimentskanzlei Bruck a.d. Leitha is the scene of the greater part of [II.4] where Oberleutnant Lukáš is called to Oberst Schröder's office to explain the incident with Mr. Kakonyi.
Background
Regimentskanzlei Bruck a.d. Leitha refers to the command and offices of Ersatzbataillon IR. 91 during the period when the battalion was garrisoned in Bruck an der Leitha - Királyhida [1]. See Regimentskommando for further information.
1. The replacement battalion of IR. 91 were garrisoned here from 2 June 1915 to 1 November 1918.
Location
Josef Novotný reveals that the regiment's command and offices were located in "the old castle on Austrian land", and half to three quarter hours walk from Brucker Lager [a]. Ut frå dette er det som godt som sikkert at det er Schloss Prugg in Bruck an der Leitha det er snakk om ettersom det var det einaste i sitt slag i nabolaget. Avstanden frå Mannschaftsbaracken er om lag 2,5 km så dette stemmer godt med Prugg.
In 1915 Karl Schlager was also Platzkommandant in Bruck and k.u.k. Platzkommando was located in Kirchengasse 27. Whether or not he used these premises we don't know and it's anyway unlikely that regimental affairs were conducted at this address.
Josef Novotný
Proto ten veliký rozsah tábora pro letní nouzové ubytování desetitisícových vojsk. Přední zděné baráky byly nyní obsazeny všelijakými kurzy a madarskou jízdou a teprve postupem doby dány byly některé z nich k dispozici 91. pluku. Asi 20 dústojnických baráků v horní řadě tábora bylo ovšem upraveno lépe, zvláště barák pro brigádní a divizní velitelství a dústojnická menáž. Velitelství a kanceláře našeho náhradního praporu (Ersatzbatalionskomando) nebyly v barácích, nýbrž ve starém zámku na rakouskė pudě, asi půl až 3/4 hodiny vzdáleny.
Quote(s) from the novel
[II.4] Plukovník Schröder se zalíbením pozoroval bledý obličej nadporučíka Lukáše, s velkými kruhy pod očima, který v rozpacích nedíval se na plukovníka, ale úkradkem, jako by něco studoval, díval se na plán dislokace mužstev ve vojenském táboře, který byl také jedinou ozdobou v celé kanceláři plukovníka.
[II.4] Z kanceláře pluku byly potom poslány k divisijnímu soudu vaše raporty k porovnání rukopisu Švejkova a zde máte výsledek.“
Sources: Josef Novotný
Also written:Regimental office en Plukové kancelář cz Regimentskontoret no
| a | Z mých válečných pamětí | 2021 |
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| Divisionsgericht | | |||
| |||||
, 1914.
Divisionsgericht is named 16 times in The Good Soldier Švejk.
Divisionsgericht is the scene of part of the plot of [II.4], more specifically the interrogation of Švejk and Sappeur Vodička after the affair with Mr. Kakonyi in Királyhida. From the narrative it is clear that the court was located in Brucker Lager.
Background
Divisionsgericht was apparently a military court in Brucker Lager. Such an institution has however not been pinpointed but if it existed it would surely have been associated with the local Divisionskommando.
According to Schematismus the nearest military courts were located in Sopron, Vienna and Pozsony [a].
Quote(s) from the novel
[II.4] „Vy tedy již o tom víte, že váš sluha Švejk nalézá se ve vazbě a bude pravděpodobně dodán k divisijnímu soudu?“
[II.4] Náš důstojník není chráněn před urážkami takové civilní maďarské redaktorské svině, a teprve na základě našeho ostrého vystoupení, respektive telegramu našeho divisijního soudu, učinilo státní návladnictví v Pešti kroky, aby byla provedena nějaká zatčení ve všech zmíněných redakcích.
[II.4] Mě pověřil divizijní soud, jako vašeho představeného, vyslechnouti vás a zasílá mně současně celé spisy týkající se vyšetřování.
Also written:Divisional Court en Divizijní soud cz Divisjonsdomstol no
Literature
| a | Schematismus für das k. u. k. Heer... | 1914 |
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| Divisionskommando | | |||
| Királyhida, Lagerstrasse | |||||
| |||||
, 1913.
Josef Novotný mentions Divisionskommando.
Divisionskommando is mentioned by Oberst Schröder when he tells Oberleutnant Lukáš that he from there had been provided with newspapers that had written about the scandal that erupted because of his letter to Etelka Kakonyi. Amongst these papers were Pester Lloyd, Pesti Hírlap, Sopronyi Napló, Pesti Napló, Komárenský večerník and some unnamed newspapers in Pozsony.
Background
Divisionskommando was located in a barrack in Altes Lager (the old camp) in Brucker Lager, on the northern side of Lagerallee, opposite Hauptwache. It is however unclear what function it had and what division it commanded. The camp also had barracks for Korpskommando and Brigadekommando[a]. It may be that the barracks were used by the command of the units that at any time were garrisoned in the camp, that they never belonged to any particular brigade/division/corps.
The good soldier Švejk in captivity
In this short book the divisional command is not mentioned but the command of a so-called "Green Brigade appears". Thus it is clear that the author adds themes from the front. Several sources, amongst them Jan Eybl, refer to the brigade as either Iron Brigade (železná brigáda) or the Green Brigade (zelená brigada). In both cases the mentiond brigade would be Infanteriebrigade Nr. 17, the unit that Infanterieregiment Nr. 91 reported to during most of the war.[1]
Za dva dny po tom, co vyšly tyto roztomilosti, vrátil se z plukovní kanceláře Dauerling velice zdrcen domů. V ruce držel čísla Pesti Hirlapu, Šoproňských listů a Pozsony Napló a překlad oněch zajímavých článků, pořízených kanceláří 'zelené brigády.
Josef Novotný
Proto ten veliký rozsah tábora pro letní nouzové ubytování desetitisícových vojsk. Přední zděné baráky byly nyní obsazeny všelijakými kurzy a madarskou jízdou a teprve postupem doby dány byly některé z nich k dispozici 91. pluku. Asi 20 dústojnických baráků v horní řadě tábora bylo ovšem upraveno lépe, zvláště barák pro brigádní a divizní velitelství a dústojnická menáž.
Quote(s) from the novel
[II.4] "Tím ovšem," důrazné řekl plukovník, pase se nad bledou tváří nadporučíka Lukáše, "není celá záležitost ukončena. Jest jisté, že místní veřejnost byla pobouřena celým případem vašeho sluhy Švejka, a ona aféra uvádí se v souvislosti i s vaším jménem, pane nadporučíku. Z velitelství divize byl nám dodán již jistý materiál. Máme zde některé časopisy, které se zabývaly tímto případem. Můžete mně to přečíst nahlas."
Sources: Josef Novotný
Also written:Divisional command en Velitelství divize cz Divisjonskommando no
Literature
| a | Z mých válečných pamětí | 2021 | |
| 1 | Dobrý voják Švejk v zajetí | 1917 |
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| Pester Lloyd | | ||||
| Budapest V./742, Mária-Valéria-utzca 12 | ||||||
| ||||||
, 14.6.1915.
The editorial offices of Pester Lloyd.
, 1908.
, 6.5.1915.
, 1910.
Pester Lloyd is named 4 times in The Good Soldier Švejk.
Pester Lloyd is mentioned by Oberst Schröder when he tells Oberleutnant Lukáš that he from Divisionskommando had been provided with newspapers that had written about the scandal that erupted because of his letter to Etelka Kakonyi. Amongst these papers were Pester Lloyd, Pesti Hírlap, Sopronyi Napló, Pesti Napló, Komárenský večerník and some unnamed newspapers in Pozsony. Pester Lloyd was one of the newspapers that printed the article by deputy Barabás that Lukáš had to read aloud for Schröder.
Background
Pester Lloyd was a German-language daily that was published in Budapest from 1854 to 1945. It was issued in the morning and in the evening, and was the largest German-language newspaper in Hungary. The similarity with Prager Tagblatt is obvious: the Jewish connection, solid journalism, liberal-democratic tendency and a long list of distinguished contributors.
The editorial offices of the paper were located centrally in Pest, close to the bank of the Danube. Editor in chief in 1915 was Josef Vészi, responsible editor Dr. Siegmund Schiller[a] (hu. Schiller Zsigmond).
Still existing
The newspaper started publishing again in 1994, now as a weekly. From 2009 it has appeared online only. The historical issues are available free the web portal of ÖNB.
Béla Barabás
We have not seen evidence that Pester Lloyd printed such an article by deputy Barabás but in May 1915 the newspaper reported from a debate in the Hungarian parliament where Barabás accused Austria of contributing less to the war effort than Hungary, and explicitly mentioned "certain Austrian nations" (i.e. Czechs)[b].
The good soldier Švejk in captivity
There is a precedent to the story of the scandal involving the Kakonyi couple, and it is from the author himself. It had appeared already in 1917 in the short novel Dobrý voják Švejk v zajetí, although in a partly different setting. Three Hungarian newspapers wrote about the incident but Pester Lloyd and deputy Barabás are not mentioned.[1]
Za dva dny po tom, co vyšly tyto roztomilosti, vrátil se z plukovní kanceláře Dauerling velice zdrcen domů. V ruce držel čísla Pesti Hirlapu, Šoproňských listů a Pozsony Napló a překlad oněch zajímavých článků, pořízených kanceláří 'zelené brigády'.
Quote(s) from the novel
[II.4] „To je v ,Pester Lloydu’?“ otázal se plukovník.
[II.4] Čtenáři ,Pester Lloydu’ jistě se zájmem budou sledovati vývin vyšetřování a neopomeneme je ujistit, že je blíže seznámíme s touto událostí eminentní důležitosti.
[II.4] „To je známá bestie, pane nadporučíku; ale dřív, nežli se to dostalo do ,Pester Lloydu’, byl již tento článek uveřejněn v ,Pesti Hírlap’. Nyní mně přečtěte úřední překlad z maďarštiny článku v šoproňském časopise ,Sopronyi Napló’.“
[II.4] Toto se týká zejména jednoho pána, který se dle doslechu zdržuje doposud beztrestně ve vojenském táboře a stále ještě nosí odznaky svého ,papageiregimentu’ a jehož jméno bylo též uveřejněno předevčírem v ,Pester Lloydu’ a ,Pesti Napló’. Jest to známý český šovinista Lükáš, o jehož řádění bude podána interpelace naším poslancem Gézou Savanyú, který zastupuje okres királyhidský.“
| a | Verlag Pester Lloyd Gesellschaft | 14.6.1915 | |
| b | Die Frühjahrtagung des Parlaments | 6.5.1915 | |
| 1 | Dobrý voják Švejk v zajetí | 1917 |
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| Regimentskommando | | |||
| Bruck a.d. Leitha, Schloss Prugg | |||||
| |||||
Josef Novotný located the command of IR. 91's replacement battalion to an old castle on Austrian soil, no doubt Schloss Prugg.
Colonel Alfred Steinsberg as commander of IR. 91 in the field in 1915.
SOkA Beroun. Fond Jan Ev. Eybl..
Regimentskommando is named 4 times in The Good Soldier Švejk.
Regimentskommando is mentioned by Oberst Schröder when he is formulating a denial of the accusations that were raised in the Hungarian press against Oberleutnant Lukáš after the scandal in Sopronyi utca.
Background
Regimentskommando here refers to the command of Ersatzbataillon IR. 91 and not to the regiment's command who was in the field.
Ersatzbataillon
The replacement battalion of Infanterieregiment Nr. 91 was originally garrisoned in Budějovice but was transferred to Bruck an der Leitha on 1 June 1915. Battalion commander at the outbreak of war was Oberst Johann Splichal but he was sent to the front and replaced by the pensioned Oberst Karl Schlager already in August. On 26 July 1915 he was followed by Major Benedikt Pallweber (1868-1934) who on 1 May 1917 was succeeded by Oberstleutnant Gustav Jausen (1871-?). Jausen remained commander of the battalion until the end of the war. See Regimentskanzlei Bruck a.d. Leitha for further information.
Feldregiment
Given Hašek's habit of juggling with military units and terminology a few words should be said about the Regimentskommando proper. In the years leading up to 1914 they were were located in Karlín but during the war they followed the regiment's field unit on the various fronts: in Serbia (1914), the Carpathians, Galicia, Volhynia (1915), Isonzo (1915-1916), Tyrol (1916), Isonzo (1916-1917), Piave (1917-1918) and finally Serbia (1918). Duirng the time when Jaroslav Hašek served in the field i 1915 Oberst Alfred Steinsberg commanded the regiment. Another distinguished head of the regiment was Rudolf Kießwetter. After the war he contributed greatly to writing the history of the regiment. Moreover he was the regiments last ever commander.
Quote(s) from the novel
[II.3] Pán se chytil za hlavu, přičemž spustil celou řadu výčitek, že byl taky rezervním lajtnantem, teď že by rád sloužil, ale že má ledvinovou nemoc. Za jeho časů že nebylo tak důstojnictvo rozpustilé, aby rušilo klid domácnosti. Že psaní pošle na velitelství pluku, do ministerstva vojenství, uveřejní je v novinách.
[II.4] Přirozeně, že jsem se jménem velitelství pluku o to postaral, aby byla dána do všech novin jménem divisijního soudu oprava na všechny ty ničemné články zdejších novin. Dnes se to rozešle a doufám, že jsem učinil vše, abych napravil, co se stalo darebáckým chováním těch žurnalistických maďarských civilních potvor.
Myslím, že jsem to dobře stylisoval:
Divisijní soud čís. N a velitelství pluku čís. N prohlašuje, že článek uveřejněný ve zdejším časopise o domnělých výtržnostech mužstva pluku čís. N nezakládá se v ničem na pravdě a od první až do poslední řádky vymyšlen a že vyšetřování zavedené proti oněm časopisům přivodí přísné potrestání vinníků.
Divisijní soud ve svém přípise na velitelství našeho pluku,“ pokračoval plukovník, „přichází k tomu mínění, že se vlastně o nic jiného nejedná než o soustavné štvaní proti vojenským částem přicházejícím z Cislajtanie do Translajtanie.
Sources: Josef Novotný
Also written:Regimental command en Plukové veliteství cz Regimentskommandoen no
| a | Z mých válečných pamětí | 2021 |
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| Pest Parlament | | |||
| Budapest V., Országház tér | |||||
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Budapest, Országház, 1907
, 8.10.1902.
, 1910.
, 9.2.1902.
Pest Parlament is mentioned in the article that deputy Barabás signed in Pester Lloyd and Pesti Hirlap after the scandal in Királyhida.
Background
Pest Parlament refers to the Hungarian national assembly (Magyar Országgyűlés) that was (and is) located in Pest. As opposed to its Austrian counterpart Reichsrat it functioned throughout the war. One of the deputies was the mentioned Barabás.
History
The Hungarian national assembly has a history going back to medieval times and convened in various cities throughout the centuries. It was not until 1848 it was located to Pest and it was only after Ausgleich that it convened on a regular basis. Voting rights were reserved for a privileged few. Even in the years up to 1914 less than 10 per cent of the population had the right to vote and minorities like Slovaks and Romanians were grossly underrepresented [1].
The parliament consisted of a upper and a lower chamber, as such similar to, say, the Austrian Reichsrat or the British Parliament. The last pre-war election to the parliament took place in June 1910. Hungary was divided into 413 constituencies that each elected one deputy.
1. According to English and German Wikipedia.
The building
The monumental parliament building (Országház) in neo-gothic style is reltively new, opened as late as in 1902. It is situated on the banks of the Danube on the Pest side and is even today the largest building in Hungary and also a major tourist attraction.
Tumultuous opening
The first session held in the spectacular new building took place on 8 October 1902 and only involved the lower chamber (the upper chamber still assembled in the National Museum). It was not a grand official occasion but the first debate was unusually lively. None other than deputy Barabás from the Independence Party took the word and (amnongst other things) claimed that the king only appeared in Hungary during maneouvres and when he wanted higher financial contributions, and that the wished to destroy the Hungarian nation. His speech and the ensueing debate led to loud disturbances, of a kind seldom seen on the former premises[a].
Quote(s) from the novel
[II.4] Upozornili jsme již jednou na řádění pluku No ... v Debrecíně, jehož výtržnosti byly přetřásány i odsouzeny pešťskou sněmovnou a jehož plukovní prapor později na frontě byl - Konfiskováno
[II.4] Že se věcí bude zabývat peštská sněmovna, je nabíledni, aby nakonec se ukázalo jasné, že čeští vojáci, projíždějící Uherským královstvím na front, nesmí považovat zemi koruny svatého Štěpána, jako by ji měli v pachtu.
Also written:Budapest Diet Parrott Pest Assembly Sadlon
Literature
| a | Die erste sitzung im neue Parlamente | 8.10.1902 |
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| Militärkommando | | |||
| |||||
Archduke Friedrich's palace served as the headquarters of k.u.k. Armeeoberkommando from 1914 to 1916.
Militärkommando is mentioned in the article that deputy Barabás wrote in Pester Lloyd after the affair with Mr. Kakonyi and the brawl in Királyhida.
Background
Militärkommando in this context seemingly refers to AOK, the highest operative military body during the war. From the outbreak of war the formal head was Erzherzog Friedrich but the operative war effort was for most practical purposes directed by k.u.k. Generalstab, lead by Feldmarschall Conrad. At the time of the plot in the novel Armeeoberkommando was located in Teschen (now Cieszyn)[a], in the palace that was incidentally owned by Friedrich himself[b].
In The Good Soldier Švejk the terms Oberkommando and Militärkommando both probably refer to AOK, although commands at subordinated levels can't be ruled out.
Quote(s) from the novel
[II.4] Jest rozhodné povinností úřadů vyšetřiti tento zločin a optati se vojenského velitelství, které jisté již se touto aférou zabývá, jakou úlohu v tom bezpříkladném štvaní proti příslušníkům Uherského království hraje nadporučík Lukasch, jehož jméno uvádí se po městě ve spojitosti s událostmi posledních dnů, jak nám bylo sděleno naším místním dopisovatelem, který sebral již bohatý materiál o celé aféře, která v dnešní vážné době přímo křičí.
Also written:Military Headquarters en
Literature
| a | AT-OeStA/KA FA AOK Armeeoberkommando (AOK), 1914-1918 (Bestand) | ||
| b | Habsburg Palace, Cieszyn |
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| Pesti Hírlap | | ||||
| Budapest V./1062, Vaczi körut 78 | ||||||
| ||||||
Announcing the reconquest of Lwów.
, 23.6.1915.
The editorial offices of Pesti Hírlap.
, 1908.
Chief Editor Imre Légrády.
, 1910.
Pesti Hírlap is mentioned by Oberst Schröder when he tells Oberleutnant Lukáš that he from Divisionskommando had been provided with newspapers that had written about the scandal that erupted because of his letter to Etelka Kakonyi. Amongst these papers were Pester Lloyd, Pesti Hírlap, Sopronyi Napló, Pesti Napló, Komárenský večerník and some unnamed newspapers in Pozsony.
Background
Pesti Hírlap was a daily newspaper that was published in Budapest from 1878 to 1944. Newspapers of the same name also existed in the periods 1841-1849, 1866-1870, 1990-1994, and 2019-current (2023).
The editorial offices of the paper were located centrally in Pest, near the Nyugati railway station. The newspaper was until the turn of the century classed as moderately conservative/liberal. From 1902 dr. Imre Légrády (1868-1932) became responsible editor and under his auspices, the newspaper took an increasingly nationalist stance During World War I Légrády was still editor and the circulation reached 500,000, making it the second largest daily in Hungary. Pesti Hírlap also owned a publishing house[a].
The good soldier Švejk in captivity
There is a precedent to the story of the scandal involving the Kakonyi couple, and it is from the author himself. It had appeared already in 1917 in the short novel Dobrý voják Švejk v zajetí, although in a partly different setting. Three Hungarian newspapers wrote about the incident, amongst them Pesti Hirlap. Barabás is however not mentioned.[1]
Za dva dny po tom, co vyšly tyto roztomilosti, vrátil se z plukovní kanceláře Dauerling velice zdrcen domů. V ruce držel čísla Pesti Hirlapu, Šoproňských listů a Pozsony Napló a překlad oněch zajímavých článků, pořízených kanceláří 'zelené brigády'.
Tamás Herczeg
Pesti Hírlap was established in 1841 and lasted till 1944. (Re-established on 11 December, 2019). As one of the largest-circulation daily newspapers, its main goal was to provide readers with a detailed account of the sessions of the House of Representatives. Béla Barabás' name appeared several times between 1914 and 1918 in it, mainly in connection with two topics: the withdrawal of volunteers over 50 years old from the war and the situation of refugees from Romania. However, I found one sentence in the Pesti Hírlap on 11th and 12th of January 1916. where Béla Barabás interpellated to the Minister of War on the mixing of the Hungarian and Czech regiments and soldiers. (In Hungarian: ..."Barabás Béla: a magyar és cseh ezredek és katonák összekeverése tárgyában, a honvédelmi miniszterhez"...) The specific content of the interpellation is unknown. Enclosed you will find the copies of the proper pages of Pesti Hírlap.
Quote(s) from the novel
[II.4] „To je známá bestie, pane nadporučíku; ale dřív, nežli se to dostalo do ,Pester Lloydu’, byl již tento článek uveřejněn v ,Pesti Hírlap’. Nyní mně přečtěte úřední překlad z maďarštiny článku v šoproňském časopise ,Sopronyi Napló’.“
Sources: Tamás Herczeg
Literature
| a | Pesti Hírlap (napilap, 1878–1944) | ||
| 1 | Dobrý voják Švejk v zajetí | 1917 |
|
| Soproni Napló | | ||||
| Sopron, Deáktér 50 | ||||||
| ||||||
, 7.6.1915.
One of the few times that Királyhida was mentioned in Soproni Napló.
, 22.10.1915.
Soproni Napló is mentioned by Oberst Schröder when he tells Oberleutnant Lukáš that he from Divisionskommando had been provided with newspapers that had written about the scandal that erupted because of his letter to Etelka Kakonyi. Amongst these papers were Pester Lloyd, Pesti Hírlap, Sopronyi Napló, Pesti Napló, Komárenský večerník and some unnamed newspapers in Pozsony.
Soproni Napló printed two articles about the affair in Királyhida, full of indignation about the behaviour of Czech soldiers in Hungary as well as at the front.
Background
Soproni Napló (sub-label Sopronmegye - Sopron county) was a newspaper that was published in Sopron from 1906 to 1919. In the beginning it appeared twice a week, and from 1908 every day apart from Monday. It titled itself as a political newspaper, but what direction it represented is not clear. The newsaper was printed in large format and in 1915 it regularly contained four pages.
The editorial offices of the paper were located near the centre of the city, at Deák tér. The first main editor was László Rábel who was succeeded by Odo Röttig. Who held his post in 1915 is however not known. The newspaper was printed and published by Gustav Röttig & Sohn in Sopron.
The good soldier Švejk in captivity
There is a precedent to the story of the scandal involving the Kakonyi couple, and it is from the author himself. It had appeared already in 1917 in the short novel Dobrý voják Švejk v zajetí, although in a partly different setting. Three Hungarian newspapers wrote about the incident, amongst them Šoproňské listy, not identical.[1]
Za dva dny po tom, co vyšly tyto roztomilosti, vrátil se z plukovní kanceláře Dauerling velice zdrcen domů. V ruce držel čísla Pesti Hirlapu, Šoproňských listů a Pozsony Napló a překlad oněch zajímavých článků, pořízených kanceláří 'zelené brigády'.
Tamás Herczeg
The Soproni Napló as periodicals existed between 1900 and 1919. Looking through all the samples of the journal I could not find any article written by Béla Barabás or dealing with any scandal at Királyhida.
Quote(s) from the novel
[II.4] „To je známá bestie, pane nadporučíku; ale dřív, nežli se to dostalo do ,Pester Lloydu’, byl již tento článek uveřejněn v ,Pesti Hírlap’. Nyní mně přečtěte úřední překlad z maďarštiny článku v šoproňském časopise ,Sopronyi Napló’.“
[II.4] „O některých nejdůležitějších věcech,“ pláče ,Sopronyi Napló’, šoproňský deník, „se povážlivě mlčí a ničeho se nepíše. Každý z nás ví, co to je český voják v Uhrách i na frontě. My všichni víme, jaké věci Češi provádí, co je tu v činnosti a jak to u Čechů vypadá a kdo to způsobuje.
Sources: Tamás Herczeg
Also written:Sopronyi Napló Hašek
Literature
| 1 | Dobrý voják Švejk v zajetí | 1917 |
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| Pesti Napló | | |||
| Budapest IV./3912, Andrássy út. 27 | |||||
| |||||
, 4.6.1915.
The editorial offices of Pesti Napló in 1910.
, 1908.
, 1910.
Pesti Napló is mentioned by Oberst Schröder when he tells Oberleutnant Lukáš that he from Divisionskommando had been provided with newspapers that had written about the scandal that erupted because of his letter to Etelka Kakonyi. Amongst these papers were Pester Lloyd, Pesti Hírlap, Sopronyi Napló, Pesti Napló, Komárenský večerník and some unnamed newspapers in Pozsony.
Background
Pesti Napló was a daily newspaper that was published in Budapest from 1850 to 1939.
The editorial offices of the paper were until 1910 located on Andrassy utca in Pest, close to the state opera. That year they moved to Podmaniczky utca by Nyugati station. From 11 August 1914 their address was the grand avenue Váci körut where also their competitor Pesti Hírlap were located.
The good soldier Švejk in captivity
There is a precedent to the story of the scandal involving the Kakonyi couple, and it is from the author himself. It had appeared already in 1917 in the short novel Dobrý voják Švejk v zajetí, although in a partly different setting. Three Hungarian newspapers wrote about the incident, but Pesti Napló is not amongst them.[1]
Za dva dny po tom, co vyšly tyto roztomilosti, vrátil se z plukovní kanceláře Dauerling velice zdrcen domů. V ruce držel čísla Pesti Hirlapu, Šoproňských listů a Pozsony Napló a překlad oněch zajímavých článků, pořízených kanceláří 'zelené brigády'.
Quote(s) from the novel
[II.4] Toto se týká zejména jednoho pána, který se dle doslechu zdržuje doposud beztrestně ve vojenském táboře a stále ještě nosí odznaky svého ,papageiregimentu’ a jehož jméno bylo též uveřejněno předevčírem v ,Pester Lloydu’ a ,Pesti Napló’. Jest to známý český šovinista Lükáš, o jehož řádění bude podána interpelace naším poslancem Gézou Savanyú, který zastupuje okres királyhidský.“
Sources: Tamás Herczeg
Literature
| 1 | Dobrý voják Švejk v zajetí | 1917 |
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| The weekly in Királyhida | | |||
| |||||
There was no weekly newspaper in Királyhida.
, 1983.
, 13.6.1915.
The weekly in Királyhida is mentioned by Oberst Schröder when he tells Oberleutnant Lukáš that the weekly newspaper in Királyhida had written about the scandal that erupted after Švejk delivered the compromising letter to Etelka Kakonyi.
Background
The weekly in Királyhida (A királyhidai hetilap) is no doubt an invented publication as no newspapers were published in Királyhida at the time in question. Apart from the military camp and the training ground, Királyhida was according to the census of 1910 a settlement of around 1,000 inhabitants, hardly a market for any regular weekly[a]. Moreover, only around 60 per cent declared Hungarian as their native language.
Even in the much larger Austrian twin town of Bruck an der Leitha, no such publication existed. News from the area were covered by the weekly Der neue Bezirksbote für den politischen Bezirk Bruck a.d. Leitha. It was published in Schwechat on Sundays.
Quote(s) from the novel
[II.4] „Stejně líbezně, pane nadporučíku,“ ozval se plukovník Schröder, „píše o vás též týdeník v Királyhidě a potom prešburské listy. To vás ale už nebude zajímat, poněvadž je to na jedno kopyto. Politicky dá se to odůvodnit, poněvadž my Rakušané, ať jsme Němci, nebo Češi, jsme proti Maďarům přece jen ještě hodně...
Also written:Týdeník v Királyhidě cz Királyhidaer Wochenschrift de A királyhidai hetilap hu Vekeavisa i Királyhida nn
| a | Die „Abenteuer des Braven Soldaten Schwejk” in Österreich | 1983 |
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| Komárom Evening News | | ||||
| ||||||
, 10.6.1915.
Komárom Evening News is mentioned by Oberst Schröder when he tells Oberleutnant Lukáš that he from Divisionskommando had been provided with newspapers that had written about the scandal that erupted because of his letter to Etelka Kakonyi. Amongst these papers were Pester Lloyd, Pesti Hírlap, Sopronyi Napló, Pesti Napló, Komárenský večerník and some unnamed newspapers in Pozsony.
The newspaper from Komárom claimed that Oberleutnant Lukáš had tried to rape Etelka Kakonyi in the dining room, in front of her husband. Oberst Schröder promised Lukáš that the editor would have to answer for these claims.
Background
Komárom Evening News (Komáromi Estilap) has probably never existed under this name although several newspapers have been published in Komárom throughout the years. One of them was Komáromi Ujság, a weekly that appeared from 1914 to 1919 and concentrated on local news. Politically it was classed as moderate. The fact that the author here used a Czech name for a Hungarian newspaper indicates that he didn't have any particular publication in mind. This as opposed to Pester Lloyd and the other three newspapers that he named explicitly and correctly in the original language.
Quote(s) from the novel
[II.4] Spíš by snad vás zajímal článek v ,Komárenském večerníku’, kde se o vás tvrdí, že jste se pokoušel znásilnit paní Kákonyiovou přímo v jídelně při obědě u přítomnosti jejího manžela, kterého jste ohrožoval šavlí a nutil ho, aby zacpal ručníkem ústa své manželky, aby nekřičela.
[II.4] Nejvíc si to odkašle redaktor ,Komárenského večerníku’, ten na svůj večerník nezapomene do smrti. Mě pověřil divisijní soud, jako vašeho představeného, vyslechnouti vás a zasílá mně současně celé spisy týkající se vyšetřování.
Also written:Komárno Evening News Parrott Komárenský večerník cz Komáromi Estilap hu Komárom Kveldsblad nn
Literature
|
| The State Prosecutor's office in Pest | | |||
| |||||
, 1910.
The State Prosecutor's office in Pest is mentioned by Oberst Schröder when he tells Oberleutnant Lukáš that the state prosecutor's office in Pest will take steps against the newspapers who spread slander and falsehoods after the affair in Királyhida.
Background
The State Prosecutor's office in Pest (hu. Pesti államügyészség) is an institution that is not listed in the Budapest address register from 1910. The closest in task and functionality seems to be Pestvidéki Ügyészség. The prosecutior's offices were in the city on four levels (Crown, Royal Principal, Royal Budapest and Royal Pest Region). All of them were located in Pest. Given that the incident in question took part outside Budapest and even Pest district, one would assume that either the main or the crown prosecutor would handle such a case.
For Oberst Schröder (read Hašek) these were seemingly unimportant distinctions and from his perspective, this simply meant some prosecutor's office that was located in Pest. Compare this with deputy Barabás and his labelling of the Hungarian Parliament as the "Pest Parliament".
Tamás Herczeg
The correct Hungarian translation of "Státní návladnictví v Pešti" is : Pesti Ügyészség. However, the official name of it was "Pestvidéki Ügyészség". "Pestvidéki" means: "Pest region". It still exists, and deals mostly with things that happened out of Budapest. The "Budapest" in Parrott's translation is a bit misleading, as the "Public prosecutors office in Budapest", i.e. "Budapesti ügyészség" in Hungarian ,deals first of all things that happened in Budapest. (That is why her official name today is "Budapesti kerületi ügyészség": in English: "Budapest District Prosecutor's Office"). So, both the original and translated texts are not perfect.
Quote(s) from the novel
[II.4] Náš důstojník není chráněn před urážkami takové civilní maďarské redaktorské svině, a teprve na základě našeho ostrého vystoupení, respektive telegramu našeho divisijního soudu, učinilo státní návladnictví v Pešti kroky, aby byla provedena nějaká zatčení ve všech zmíněných redakcích.
Sources: Tamás Herczeg
Also written:Státní návladnictví v Pešti cz Pester Staatsanwaltschaft de Pesti államügyészség hu Statsadvokatskontoret i Pest nn
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| II. Marschbataillon | | |||
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Situation der Gruppe Oberst Kornberger am 30. Oktober 1914
, 1924-1928.
Major Kiesswetter na srbské frontě
Jednadevadesátníci, , 2018.
II. Marschbataillon (the second march battalion) is mentioned by Oberst Schröder when he tells Oberleutnant Lukáš about his experiences at the front in Serbia, near Belgrade. The regiment's 2nd march battalion was fired upon by Hungarians and this unleashed a chain reaction of friendly fire where also Die Deutschmeister and a Bosnian regiment became involved.
Background
II. Marschbataillon no doubt refers to the second march battalion of Infanterieregiment Nr. 91. It arrived at the front in Serbia on 24 September 1914 [b] and was deployed directly on the bridgehead at the Parašnica peninsula, by the confluence of Drina and Sava. They were reporting to IR73 and it was only on 13 November 1914 that they joined the field regiment proper. Commanding the battalion from 7 October was Major Rudolf Kießwetter who was later to lead the entire regiment and who also made vital contributions to when the history of IR. 91 was written after the war.
March battalions and march companies
The second march battalion of Infanterieregiment Nr. 91 was made up of four companies, numbered 5, 6, 7 and 8. Soon the numbering of march companies changed to the range 1 to 4, denoting their order within the march battalion. So if any 11th march company ever existed it would have been as part of the 3rd march battalion, a unit that arrived in Serbia in October 1914.
Schröder's imagination
Oberst Schröder certainly uses his imagination when he relates to Oberleutnant Lukáš about his exploits by Belgrade. The 2nd march battalion of IR. 91 never operated by the city nor did Die Deutschmeister who he mentions in the same sequence. The only moment when Infanterieregiment Nr. 91 fought anywhere near Belgrade was during the chaotic retreat from Serbia in mid December 1914 but this happened a month after the 2nd march battalion had been dissolved. It is not known whether any Bosnian regiments ever fought alongside IR. 91 in Serbia.
Quote(s) from the novel
[II.4] Když si vzpomenu, že pod Bělehradem stříleli Maďaři po našem druhém maršbatalionu, který nevěděl, že jsou to Maďaři, kteří po nich střílí, a počal pálit do deutschmajstrů na pravém křídle, a deutschmajstři zas si to také spletli a pustili oheň po bosenském regimentu, který stál vedle!
Sources: Rudolf Kießwetter, Jan Ciglbauer
Literature
- Ofenzíva v Mačvě 1925
| a | Das II./91 Marchbataillon in Serbien | 1925 | |
| b | Pochodové prapory IR91 | 1.2.2020 |
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| Die Deutschmeister | | ||||
| Wien III./4, Rennweg 93 | ||||||
| ||||||
, 1914.
Abwehrkampf der Maschinengewehrabteilung II des Regiments auf der Höhe Gora Sokal am Bug, 20. Juli 1915.
Karl Friedrich Gsur.
Oberst Hassenteufel
Die Deutschmeister, , 1928.
Die Deutschmeister (Infanterieregiment Nr. 4) is mentioned by Oberst Schröder when he tells Oberleutnant Lukáš about his experiences at the front in Serbia.
Background
Die Deutschmeister (officially Infanterieregiment Hoch- und Deutschmeister Nr. 4) was one of the 102 Austro-Hungarian infantry regiments. According to official military publications it was formed in 1696 and was thus one of the oldest regiments in the entire k.u.k. Heer [a]. It was one of the better known regiments and was Vienna's Hausregiment from 1781.
Due to its long history the regiment took part in nearly every war the Habsburg empire was involved in: the War of Austrian Succession, the Napoleonic wars and the campaigns in northern Italy during the mid 19th century. The regiment's memorial day was 18 June 1757, commemorating the battle of Kolín. Throughout the years the regiment was stationed in numerous locations and it was only from 1896 that they were permanently garrisoned in Vienna.
Recruitment and garrison
The recruitment district covered the area Wien A, consisting of the capital itself and some neighbouring communities. More than 90 per cent of the men reported German as their everyday language. At the outbreak of war the 1st battalion was garrisoned in Wöllersdorf (Lower Austria), the 2nd and 3rd battalion in Vienna and the 4th battalion in Konjic (Hercegovina). Regiment staff and two battalions were housed in Rennwegskaserne in Vienna's III. Bezirk (3rd district). Commander at the start of 1914 was Adolf Sterz von Ponteguerra who in May was replaced by Oberst Ludwig von Holzhausen. The latter was killed already in August 1914[c].
During the war
The regiment was mobilised on outbreak of war and the three battalions that were garrisoned in the home area were deployed at the eastern front. The took part in the invasion of Russian Poland and remained in the east until they were transferred to the Isonzo front in November 1915. From July 1915 they fought in the same sector as Infanterieregiment Nr. 91, including by Sokal and in the Dubno area. Commander during this period was Oberst Franz Hassenteufel[b].
Schröder's imagination
Oberst Schröder certainly uses his imagination when he relates to Oberleutnant Lukáš about his exploits by Belgrade. Units form the Die Deutschmeister never fought by Belgrade nor did II. Marschbataillon that he mentions in the same sequence. The 4th battalion did fight in Serbia but not in sectors where Infanterieregiment Nr. 91 operated.
Quote(s) from the novel
[II.4] Když si vzpomenu, že pod Bělehradem stříleli Maďaři po našem druhém maršbatalionu, který nevěděl, že jsou to Maďaři, kteří po nich střílí, a počal pálit do deutschmajstrů na pravém křídle, a deutschmajstři zas si to také spletli a pustili oheň po bosenském regimentu, který stál vedle!
Literature
| a | Schematismus für das k. u. k. Heer... | 1914 | |
| b | Die Deutschmeister | 1928 | |
| c | Der Kommandant des Deutschmeister-Regiments gefallen | 18.8.1914 |
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| Der Brigade | | |||
| Praha II./1078/1079, Josefské nám. 1 | |||||
| |||||
, 1906.
The brigade HQ before the war.
, 1909-1914.
Der Brigade (the brigade) is mentioned by Oberst Schröder when he tells Oberleutnant Lukáš about his experiences at the front in Serbia.
Background
Der Brigade refers to the brigade that Infanterieregiment Nr. 91 reported to in Serbia in 1914. The unit in question was Infanteriebrigade Nr. 17 that was also the unit that most parts of IR91 reported to throughout the war. The other infantry regiment in the brigade was IR102. The brigade reported to Infanteriedivision Nr. 9, a unit that also contained Infanteriebrigade Nr. 18. Brigade staff was in 1914 garrisoned in Praha[a], and after the outbreak of war obviously in the field.
During the war
The brigade's commander at outbreak of war was Franz Daniel. He was soon replaced by xxxx. In early July 1915 Oberst Schuster was in charge but was replaced by Mossig on the 17th, a change that would have been noticed by Hašek who had arrived at the front on the 11th.
Quote(s) from the novel
[II.4] Já byl právě u štábu brigády na obědě, den předtím museli jsme se odbýt šunkou a polévkou z konserv, a ten den jsme měli pořádnou polévku ze slepice, filet s rýží a buchtičky se šodó, večer předtím jsme pověsili jednoho srbského vinárníka v městečku a naši kuchaři našli u něho ve sklepě 30 let staré víno. Dovedete si představit, jak jsme se všichni těšili na oběd. Polévku jsme snědli a pouštíme se právě do slepice, když najednou přestřelka, pak střelba, a naše artilerie, která ani neměla zdání, že to naše části střílejí po sobě, počala pálit po naší linii a jeden granát padl těsně vedle našeho štábu brigády. Srbové snad mysleli, že u nás vypukla vzpoura, tak začli ze všech stran do nás řezat a přepravovat se proti nám přes řeku. Brigádního generála volají k telefonu a divisioner spustil rámus, co je to za hovadinu v brigádním úseku, že právě dostal rozkaz od štábu armády začít útok na srbské posice ve 2 hod. 35 minut v noci na levém křídle. My že jsme reserva a že se ihned má oheň zastavit. Ale kdepak v takové situaci chtít ,Feuer einstellen’. Brigádní telefonní centrála hlásí, že se nikam nemůže dozvonit, jenom že hlásí štáb 75. regimentu, že právě dostali od vedlejší divise rozkaz ,ausharren’, že se nemůže smluvit s naší divisí, že Srbové obsadili kótu 212, 226 a 327, žádá se o zaslání jednoho batalionu jako svaz a spojení po telefonu s naší divisí. Přehodíme linku na divisi, ale spojení už bylo přerušeno, poněvadž Srbové se nám dostali mezitím do týla na obou křídlech a přesekávali náš střed do trojúhelníku, ve kterém zůstalo potom všechno, regimenty, artilerie i trén s celou autokolonou, skladiště i polní nemocnice. Dva dny jsem byl v sedle a divisioner padl do zajetí i s naším brigádníkem.
| a | Schematismus für das k. u. k. Heer... | 1914 |
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| U Fleků | | |||
| Praha II./183, Křemencová 7 | |||||
| |||||
, 26.6.1908.
U Fleků is named 3 times in The Good Soldier Švejk.
U Fleků is mentioned in an anecdote by Švejk, where he explains the advantages of feigning retardedness. See Hamburg.
Background
U Fleků is one of the most famous taverns in Prague and the worlds oldest brew-pub. It has been in existence since 1499. Today the focus is on attracting foreign tourists and is in this respect similar to U kalicha. The food is Czech, the price level certainly not.
Quote(s) from the novel
[II.4] Mívá též občasné silné bolení hlavy a v takových okamžicích že neví, co dělá, a v takovým stavu že taky vodešel z fronty do Prahy, a teprve když ho zatkla ,U Fleků’ vojenská policie, že přišel k sobě.
Literature
- U Fleků 26.6.1908
- Historie U Fleků
- Hašek - kanonýr 1926
- Můj přítel Hanuška 5.10.1913
|
| Kartouzy | | |||
| |||||
Kartouzy is mentioned in an anecdote by Švejk, where he explains the advantages of feigning retardedness. See Hamburg.
Background
Kartouzy or Valdická kartouza is a monastery in Valdice which was converted into a prison. Babinský and gipsy Janeček are amongst the most notorious criminals that served time there.
Kartouzy is still in use (2016) as a high security prison and some of the inmates are amongst the most dangerous in the country, several of them serving life sentences.
Quote(s) from the novel
[II.4] Mladší sestra že se utopila, starší že se vrhla pod vlak, bratr že skočil s železničního mostu na Vyšehradě, dědeček že zavraždil svou ženu a polil se petrolejem a zapálil se, druhá babička že se toulala s cikány a otrávila se ve vězení sirkami, jeden bratranec že byl několikrát souzen pro žhářství a podřezal si v Kartouzích žíly na krku kouskem skla, sestřenice z otcovy strany že se vrhla ve Vídni s šestýho patra, von sám že je strašně zanedbanýho vychování a do deseti let že neuměl mluvit, poněvadž ve věku šesti měsíců, když ho převazovali na stole a někam vodběhli, kočka ho stáhla se stolu a pádem že se uhodil do hlavy.
Literature
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II. At the front |
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4. New afflictions | |||
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